These two chains provoke great transformations in the proposal of teach, also the incorporation of different languages, introduced for the work to interdisciplinar, the understanding of what pupils and professors are historical citizens the structure of organization of didactic books, use of folders with research made for the pupils, the supply of sources as photograph, work of art, music, poem, films, excursion the museums etc, for the professor. Unhappyly still, we suffer influences of the Positivismo in our schools, mainly in the school of didactic books and the given emphasis the same. On the other hand it is the certainty of that in general way, it influences it greater and of the Marxism and the School of the Annales, therefore today more than what a History global or a History-problem never searchs. At last, through the proposals of the Marxism and the Annales it is only possible to take care of to yearnings of History, that is, to make with that its social function to create conditions for the development and the formation of the citizenship is materialize. REFERENCES: ALMEIDA, Maria Josefa de Carvalho. Introduction to the historical studies.