The first years of independence of Uganda In May 1962 Milton Obote became Prime Minister of Uganda and Uganda reached almost a year later than the neighboring Tanzania independence from Britain on October 9, 1962. Milton Obote promised the people of Uganda to an improvement of living standards and the control over the economy. His first reign from 1962 to 1971 he was however filled with battles for power in the State for the first an alliance with capitalist”farmers, merchants and officials against the traditional upper class was formed. Small farmers, farm workers and ungerlernte workers (the people”) were not taken into account in the new policy. Their living conditions were more difficult. The public blamed the Indian Pakistani merchants and businessmen for this and some of them left Uganda. However, the majority of immigrants decided for a stay and some took even the Ugandan citizenship.
The Constitution of the new Uganda was a compromise between the proposals Centralists and federalists, and more or less the product of the British Commission dealing with the preparations of the independence. She created a Government that consisted of 15 regions with very different organisational forms. Buganda was a constitutional monarchy with special rights, such as the indirect election of Parliament members in accordance with the Constitution. The upper classes had secured against land reforms of Central Government: changes in the ownership of the ground were allowed to go only with the consent of the Buganda King before him. In addition, the Baganda did expect to occupy senior positions in Uganda due to the superiority of their education and their familiarity with the political work within the framework of the first expected: wait and acquired secure was the target. In addition to Buganda, there were still four more kingdoms: Toro, Bunyoro, Ankole and Busoga.
In this submission the Kings had sacrificing already before independence right most. The other ten districts managed the Governors Central Government. Uganda’s domestic policy was characterised increasingly by violence and Uganda’s politicians were too inexperienced to recognize that violence as a political instrument, generates new violence. Soon, perpetrators of violence made no difference between political and other objectives.